Hps326 Assignment Questionnaire

HPS326 Assignment Questionnaire Questions 1-5 (8% per question) 1. William Whewell coined the limit scientist in the year 1833. 2. The divergence myth was proposed by John Draper and Andrew Dickson on the relationship between wisdom and religion. They termed the relationship as a joint antagonism whose bill was a conflict between the rationality of intelligence opposed by the ignorance of religion. Two versions of this myth exist the squiffy and the weak.The strong version states that the inherent differences of science and religion have eclipsed through history as science is represented with a need to rival against religion, qualification conflict unavoidable. The weak version claims this conflict is haphazard and is stringently base on historical fact. 3. The historiographical distinction between raw science and immanent doctrine is that native philosophy can be seen as a precursor of natural sciences (i. e physics etc. ). Natural philosophy is an entity that can just ify properties that can not necessarily be verified, classified or quantified.On the early(a) hand, modern science is a development, divisional field of natural philosophy. It relies on the scientific experimentation for the growth of knowledge and advances in society and technology. 4. The Merton Thesis, proposed by Robert Merton, states that the rise of science is linked to the values of Puritanism. It verifies the ideas of Francis Bacon as being exalt by the puritan work ethic which is accounted for by the volume of Puritans in the royal stag Society. 5.According to Margaret Osler, in the 20th century, the conflict myths support was attributable to the positivism of Auguste Compte, and secularization of North American universities. In Comptes positivist philosophy, he founded numerous principles in which he claimed direct observation is the only way assertions can be established. This influenced numerous historians when they looked upon the history of science and religion as th ey rejected every last(predicate) metaphysical opinion because it can not be proven empirically.This assert that all sciences could be minimized to mathematics and physics driving a larger conflict between science and religion. The secularization of North American universities played a large role in the support of the conflict myth. This is due to the fact that the schools pushed an anti-religious approach and emptyly expunged any supernatural reason out from the realm of science. This reinforced the rejection of metaphysics and furthered the perception of a conflict. Question 1-3 (20% per question) 1.The period hurl 1500 to 1700 was known as the Scientific Revolution. This period is considered the revolution as historians believed science began increasingly separating from religion. Thinkers like Copernicus and Newton began to change the way people thought slightly the concept of nature. However, this view of a Scientific Revolution is quiet down highly problematic. Shapin oppose that no such revolution occurred. He asserted this as no single definition of science emerged and no specific method was employed.He in addition eluded to the point that this period was only coined revolutionary as the people of that time were provoke in pursuing science and wanted to propel it as a professional field. Margaret Osler also termed this problematic as numerous individuals began challenging the original principles of positivism. She also suggests that there was still an importance of theology in Newtons projects and a requirement of biblical interpretation to development of scientific methods. This suggests that religion and science did not separate in the Scientific Revolution as religion was still needed to discuss science. . The 19th century Whigs an english liberal political party- are amalgamated with Whig history as people who perceived science as progressive. Science was the key to move humans along the pass to a better life. However, whiggish histor y is not acceptable today as it is too goal-centric. It claims that history has progressed along a predesignated path towards the goal of complete understanding. This was not welcome in modern science as it suggested that science was purely cumulative.However, scientific findings do not always continue building upon introductory results. As well, Whiggish history focused too much on the prominent men of science the male geniuses like Darwin, and Einstein even though modern science has been practiced and perfected by normal (even female) individuals. This is supported with dickhead Harrisons view on science and religion as he states a need of Protestant approaches in the development of modern empirical science. Harrison claims that biblical interpretations of Protestant texts is liked to the rise of modern science.This favours Whig history as they campaigned the Protestant values and behaviours which aligns with their view of science. 3. Early analytic philosophy avoided the stu dy of philosophy of religion and opposed metaphysics. However, the emergence of an analytic philosophy of religion in the 1960s, was crucial for the emergence of science and religion as its own field. It brought almost the collapse of logical positivism as it began to self-refute. Analytic philosophy accordingly tried to get rid of traditional philosophy- claiming that it was too unscientific- and progressed to a to a greater extent scientific way of thinking.Yet, even with its new scientific way of thinking it was taken over by Christian theology allowing for a re-create interest in metaphysical thinking and the philosophy of religion. This then began to blend in science and religion under one roof in cost of a relationship. Analytic philosophers, who were trained in science, then began bringing up religious problems in terms of using science as the better(p) model for rationality. This allowed the rise of the field of science and religion because of the influence of scientif ic christian thinkers.