Good Agriculture Practices

culture AND MAN PRT2008 (KUMP 45) GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES (GAP) IN MALAYSIA professor . ZAHARAH ABDUL RAHMAN GROUP MEMBERS NORAFIZZA BT MAHAT NUR AMIRA HANIM BT AZMAN CHAN WEE ANN LIEW HUI QING JIVITHA THANARAJAN 169797 168494 169638 168358 161812 INTRODUCTION The term level-headed Agricultural Practices (GAP) can refer to any assembly of specific methods, which when applied to agriculture, produce results that be in harmony with the rates of the proponents of those practices. There are legion(predicate) competing definitions of what methods constitute not bad(predicate) Agricultural Practices, so whether a practice can be onsidered good testament depend on the standards you are applying. Lets us look at one particular definition of well(p) Agricultural Practices as defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations Description of the UN FAO GAPs i) Good Agricultural Practices are a collection of principles to apply for on- enhance pr oduction and post-production processes, resulting in safe and healthy provender and non- fodder inelegant products, while taking into account economical, social and environmental sustainability. ii) GAPs may be applied to a wide range of farming systems and at different scales.They are applied through sustainable countrified methods, such as integrated swearing management, integrated fertilizer management and conservation agriculture. GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES IN MALAYSIA 1. Animal health ? Prevent the spread of malady onto the farm Animals that are identified of their disease status can yet be allowed to be brought onto the farm. Cattle transport on and off the farm that do not carry any disease vex to be en sure enoughd. The farm must have secure boundaries/fencing. If possible, limit access of mass and wildlife into the farm. hurl a flea control programme for the livestock. Only put on clean equipment from the right and veritable source. ? apply only prescribed chemicals and veterinarian medicines for farm usage habit chemicals according to instructions with appropriate dosages and observe suitable withholding periods. Only rehearse prescribed veterinary medicines by veterinarians and observe specified withholding periods. Store chemicals and veterinary medicines securely and dispose of them properly. ? Train people appropriately Have procedures in check for detecting and handling be sick animals and veterinary chemicals. Make sure all people are undergo sufficient training to carry out their tasks correctly. Choose reliable sources for advice. 2. Milking hygiene ? see milking procedures do not injure cows or contaminate the produced milk realize suitable udder preparation for milking. control consistency in application of milking techniques. Isolate milk from sick or treated animals. experience milking equipment is correctly installed and maintained. Ensure enough supply of clean water ? Ensure milking is carried out u nder hygienic conditions Ensure housing environment is clean at all times. Ensure milking area is kept clean. Ensure the milkers follow basic hygiene rules. 3. Animal feeding and water ? Ensure animal feed and water are of utmost level of forest Keeping animals healthy with high quality feed. Prevent water supplies and animal feed materials from chemical contamination. Avoid chemical contamination referable to farming practices. ? Control storage conditions of feed No microbiological or toxin contamination or undesirable mapping of prohibited feed ingredients or veterinary preparations. Keeping animals healthy with good quality feed. 4. Animal benefit Animals are free from thirst, hunger and malnutrition Provide enough feed (forage and/or fodder) and water daily. Control stocking order and/or supplementary feeding to ensure sufficient water, feed and fodder supply. Protect animals from toxic plants and opposite harmful substances. Provide water supplies of good qua lity that are regularly surveyed and maintained. ? Animals are free from pain, injury and disease Have an effective herd health management programme in place and inspect animals regularly. Protect against im balance wheel. Lactating animals should be milked regularly. Avoid using procedures and practices that cause unnecessary pain to the animals. 5. Environment ? Have a correct waste management system. Ensure wastes are stored to reduce the risk of environmental pollution to the lowest level. Manage grassland to prevent effluent runoff by spreading farm manures appropriate with topical anaesthetic condition. ? Ensure dairy farming practices do not have an adverse impact on the local environment single-valued function chemicals (fertilizers, agricultural and veterinary chemicals, pesticides, etc) appropriately to avoid contamination of the local environment. Ensure boilersuit appearance of the dairying operation is appropriate for a facility in which high quality food is produced 6. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) ?Takes into account the ecological factors and plant biology to minimize pest community to a minimum level without causing economic loss. Biological Control Pest control refers to the use of natural enemies that can influence growth, breeding and control of the pest population at a balance level. Cultural Control Cultural control is an agronomic practice used by farmers to increase their production.The followings are examples of cultural practices a. Adopt and practice field hygiene, including in the surrounding areas, such as weeding and disposal of agricultural wastes (collect and destroy rotten fruits and diseased plant parts) b. Use of disease free planting materials c. Soil give-and-take wish well liming d. Pruning of pest infected plant parts e. Crop rotation f. Ploughing g. Use of resistant varieties h. Water management i. Selection of suitable sites j. Use of thoroughgoing fertilizers to improve soil coordinate and soil Chemical Control 1.Chemical control covers the use of the following chemicals i. Pesticides ii. Biopesticides like azadirachtin and Bacillus thuringiensis 2. Chemical attractants like i. Pheromones ii. Protein bait 3. The use of chemicals must be based on the following factors i. Chemicals are used only when the pest population had reached or exceeded the economic threshold value ii. Do not use unsubtle spectrum pesticides iii. If pesticides are to be used, the usage shall be minimum and environmentally friendly iv. The use of pesticides should be the coating alternative for pest control instances of Integrated Pest Management i. Pest Control for Bananas (Moko disease and Panama wilt) a. Use of disease free plantlets sourced through weave culture and treatment of the planting materials if not sourced by tissue culture b. Monitoring and destruction of diseased plants c. Crop rotation and follow d. Farm equipments should be treated and free from pests before use e. Good drainage f. Prevention by spraying benomyl Control of Tungro (Penyakit Merah Virus) of paddy a. Inspection of disease and vectors b. Planting of resistant varieties c. Simultaneous planting d.Eliminate source of disease and alternative hosts e. Good drainage and land preparation f. Use certified paddy seeds g. Use of pesticides to control vector (Nephotettix virescens) when in that location is an outbreak of the disease h. Implement the recommended fertilizer programme 7. Site Management The farm should have a Crop-Soil Suitability Map, for the following purposesa. To ensure only crops which are suitable are planted in the farm. b. To get a line the types of soil limitations and to make suggestions on their remedial actions for optimum crop production c. To obtain high and quality yield, e. g. ased on topography and agroclimatic zone, mango is suitable for planting in the States of Kedah, Perlis and Melaka. Factors taken into consideration for evaluating CropSoil Suitability are a. perspi cacity of soil b. Depth to acid sulphate layer c. Drainage d. Nutrient content e. Thickness of organic horizon f. Salinity g. Slope h. Soil texture/structure i. Stoniness Land Management Terrace Example of A Corporation Which Practices GAP Example of A Corporation Which Practices GAP Sime Darby Plantation possess a strong commitment to sustainable development as shown through its plantation business. Sime Darby Plantation is one member of the Roundtable for Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and has adopted the best of industrial techniques into its daily operations. Sime Darby Plantation acts as an industry leader in Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). The good agriculture practices implemented by Sime Darby are as follows i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. Land management Water management Zero burning replanting technique Integrated pest management Palm oil mill effluent treatment system High conservation value forest in the estates Biodiversity Quality assurance THANK YOU